高一英语基础知识
高一英语基础知识(一)
2. This is because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.(因为)
3. What the British call “petrol” the Americans call “gas”.
4. …those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
…because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.
Actually, it was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
5. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
2. …there is more than one kind of English in the world.(more than one+单数可数名词,用单数)
7. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speaker.
句型：It is + adj/n+ for sb to do sth /It is + adj+ of /for sb to do sth 对于某人来说做某事是…
形容词修饰to do sth 时用for; 若形容词修饰sb，则用of..
8. The number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.
9. By the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
10. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary.
11. Believe it or not, there is no such thing _______ standard English.
12. She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.
高一英语基础知识(二)
1. transport n. 运输;运送 v.运输;运送 transportation n. 运输
the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统 the transport of goods by air 空运货物
in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中
transport… (from…) to… 把…从…运到… a means of transportation 一种运输方式
2. prefer vt. 更喜欢 preference n. (两者中) 较喜欢的东西;偏好;偏爱
prefer coffee to tea. 更喜欢咖啡而不是茶
prefer doing to doing 更喜欢干…而不愿干…
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿干…而不愿干…
prefer sb to do sth. 宁愿让某人做某事
prefer that sb (should) do 更宁愿某人干…
have a preference for… 对…偏爱
have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好
in preference to… 而不是
3. ever since. 从那以后
4. persuade vt. 说服;劝服、
persuade sb. to do sth./persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做…
persuade sb. not to do/persuade sb. out of doing 说服某人停止做…;劝阻某人做…
persuade sb. of sth. 或persuade sb. + that 从句 使某人相信
persuasive adj. 有说服力的 persuasion n. 说服;劝说
5. graduate. v. 毕业 n.毕业生：a high school graduate: 高中毕业生
graduate from… 从…毕业
graduate sb. 授予某人学位或毕业文凭
a science graduate 理学士
graduation n. 毕业
after/before graduation 毕业后/前
6. schedule: n. 时间表;进度表vt. 为…安排时间
class schedule: 课程表
ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前
on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时
behind schedule 迟于预定的时间;拖后
be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事
schedule the meeting for that night会议的时间定在那天晚上
7. be fond of (doing) sth. be interested in (doing) sth.
be into /crazy about (doing) sth. 喜爱(做)某事;对做某事感兴趣
8. organize. vt 组织;成立;安排;整理 organization n. 组织;成立;安排;
organize a football match 组织一场足球赛 organize your thoughts 整理你的思路
organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人干某事
9. care about 关心;忧虑;惦念 care for 喜欢;照顾
10. determine v.确定;决定;使…下定决心 determined a. 已决定了的;坚定的;坚决的
be determined that 从句
determine sth. 确定某事
determine to do 决定做某事
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人决定做某事
be determined to do sth 决定干某事
=make up one’s mind to do
a determined look 坚定的表情
a determined man 意志坚定的人
determination 决定;决心
with determination 坚决地
a man of great determination 意志坚定的人
determine on early start=determine to start early 决定早动身
11. go on/ make/ take a journey to sp. 去某地旅行
12. altitude. n. 海拔;高处
at an altitude of =at a height of 在…高度
at 表示“在…处/时;以…”
at a price of 以…的价格
at a speed/ rate of 以…速度
at a length of 在…长度
at a depth/ width of 在…深度，宽度
at a distance of 在…远的距离
at the cost of 以…为代价
13. make up one’s mind 下决心
read one’s mind 看出某人心思
keep one’s mind on 专心于
speak one’s mind 直言不讳
bear/ keep sth. in mind 记住某事
14. give in (to sb./ sth.) (向…)屈服;让步;投降 give off 发出(蒸汽/光/热等)
give out 分发;筋疲力尽 give way to 让位于;妥协
15. pace. n. 一步;速度;步调
at a good pace 相当快地 keep pace with 跟…齐步前进
16. attitude, n. 态度;看法 take a friendly attitude to/ towards us. 对我们采取友善的态度
hold a positive/ negative attitude 持积极/消极态度
17. as usual: 照常 18. at midnight 在午夜; at noon 在正午 19. flow through sp. 流经某地
20. insist v. 坚决要求;主张 insist + 从句
insist on (sb’s) doing sth. 坚决要求(某人)做
He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是正确的
He insisted that he should be set free. 他坚决要求他被释放
21. go/ run like clockwork 按计划进行;进展顺利 22. weather forecast 天气预报
23. view. n. 视野;视力;景色;看法;观点
be/ go out of view 从视野消失 come into view 进入视线
admire the view 欣赏景色 in my view = from my point of view 依我看来
take the view that 从句， 持有…观点 v. 考虑;观看view sb. as sth. 把…看作
24. put up the tents. 搭起帐篷 put up your hands 举手
put up the post 张贴海报 put up ten people for night 为十人提供食宿过夜
25. give my love/ best wishes to sb. 请代我向…问好/候
高一英语基础知识(三)
1. Ever since middle school, my sister WangWei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.
After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.
2. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
3. She insisted that she organize the trip properly.
4. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
5. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province.
6. A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.
7. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains ___________rice grows.
8. I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
8. The very first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spielberg, he made up his mind to become a director too.
9. Give as much information as you can. 11. To climb the mountain was hard work but to...
12. At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds .
13. We can hardly wait to see them.
高一英语基础知识(四)
1. right/ straight away = at once 立刻;马上
2. burst (burst, burst) vi. 爆裂;爆发 n. 一阵
burst into a place=break into a place 突然闯进 burst in 突然插嘴;打断
burst into tears/ laughters/ flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火
burst out crying/ laughing/ singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来
a burst of laughter/ applause 一阵笑声/掌声 a burst of anger 怒火的迸发
3. as if/ though 仿佛;好像
4. at an end 结束;终结
in the end 最后;终于
at the end (of sth.) 在结尾处;在(…)结束的时候
by the end of this month 在本月末
5. ruin n. 废墟;毁灭;遗迹 v. 毁灭;使破产/灭
be/ lie/ stand in ruins 成为一片废墟
the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明圆遗迹
ruin one’s health 毁坏某人健康
ruin one’s hope 使某人希望破灭
6. destroy (destroyed, destroyed) vt. 破坏;毁坏;消灭destruction n. 破坏;毁坏
destroy the building 毁坏建筑 destroy/ ruin one’s hope 使希望破灭
7. track n. 轨道;足迹;痕迹 keep track of 记录;掌握…的线索
8. shock: n. 休克;打击;震惊;令人震惊的事 vt & vi (使)震惊;震动
be a great shock 沉重的打击 an electric shock 电击
be shocked by/ at 对…感到震惊 a shocking accident 令人震惊的事故
9. rescue: n & vt. 援救;营救
rescue sb. from… 从危险中救出
a rescue team 救援队
come/ go to one’s rescue 营救某人
rescuer n. 营救人员
10. trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱; 困境 trap sb./ sth. into (doing)… 诱使某人/某物(做)…
set a trap 设圈套 trap sb. in the mud= get/ be trapped in the mud被困在泥巴里面
11. dig out (dug dug) 掘出;发现 dig sth. out of sth. 把…从…里挖出
dig the truth out of him 从他那里查出真相
12、bury vt. 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏 burial n. 埋葬;葬礼
bury one’s face/ head in sth. 把脸/头伸到…里去
bury oneself in= be buried in 埋头于;专心于 be buried in thought 陷入了沉思
13、shelter n. 躲避(处);避身处v. 保护…;遮蔽;使…住宿
build shelters for survivors 给幸存者建避难所
take shelter from the rain 躲雨
shelter me from blame 保护我免受责难
14、judge n. 裁判员;法官;vt. 断定;判断;判决;认为
work as a judge: 当法官/裁判
judge sth. from/ by sth. 由…来判断
judging from/ by sth. 由…来看(作状语)
judge sb. to be… 认为某人…
As far as I can judge 据我判断
judge the case 审理这个案件
judgement n. 判决;审判;判断
make a judgment on sth. 对…作出判断
15. express vt. 表达;用快递邮寄出
express oneself 表达自己
express thanks/ thoughts 表达感谢/思想
express the letter 用快递方式寄出信件
express sth. to sb.=express to sb. sth. 向某人表示/表达某事
16. rise(rose risen) vi. 升高;增长;站在;起床 n. 上升;上涨;增升;涨工资
rise by 20% 增长了20%
rise to 200. 增长到200
rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来
ask for a rise 要求涨工资
get a rise 升级;涨工资
17. run out of 从…跑出来;用光(不用被动)
18. think little/ nothing of 轻视;忽视;对…满不在乎
think much/ highly of 重视;看重;对…高度评价 think of sb. as… 把…看作
19. reach v. 延伸;达成(协议);得出结论;伸手够到某物;与…取得联系n. 够着;达到
The woods reaches as far as the river 森林延伸至河边 reach an agreement 达成协议
reach a conclusion 得出结论 reach him by telephone 用电话与他取得联系
reach out for sth 伸手去拿 out of the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够不着的地方
within the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够得着的地方
above/ beyond the reach of sb. 超出某人的能力
20. give out vt. 发出(光;热;气味);分发;发表;发布(消息)vi. 用尽;筋疲力尽
21. It sounds/ looks/ feels/seems as if. 听/看/感觉起来/看来好像
22. in the open air 在户外
23、offer/ send one’s congratulations to sb. on sth. = congratulate sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事
24. honor vt. 给(某人)荣誉;使得到尊敬/荣誉n. 名誉;面子;敬意;引起尊敬的人或物
honor sb. for sth.=be honored for sth. 因某事而受到尊敬/表彰
be/ feel honored to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸
It’s a great honor for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说很荣幸
She is an honor to this profession. 她是这一行业的光荣。
have the honor to do/ of doing sth. 有做某事的荣幸
do sb. an/the honor of doing(sth.) 赏光
in honor of sb.=in sb’s honor为向…表示敬意;为纪念…
25. without warning 在没有任何先兆的情况下
26. the disaster-hit/stricken areas 受灾地区
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